用ggplot2制作静态数据可视化报告！

对于可视化呈现来说，一个图表呈现的数据信息是有限的，更多时候，我们需要呈现的是多角度多维度的数据信息。

这时候，就需要用在同一个版面上容纳多副相关的图表形成一个版面的可视化报告，今天是网易数独的一个数据报告，使用ggplot还原了（其中用到的国旗出现了点儿小bug，至今没有解决，有知情的的大神还望赐教！）

library("tidyverse")

library("scales")

library("countrycode")

library("ggimage")

library("grid")

library("Rmisc")

library("showtext")

library("Cairo")

以下是原图：

以下是模仿过程的代码：

很明显这个版面是由上下两幅图表组成的，那个使用R来做也是同样的思路，制作两幅单独的图然后将二者合并。

图一（上半部分圆环图）

name<-c("司法界","商人","外交领域","军人","记者","经济学家","医学界","学术界","工程师")

label<-factor(name,levels=name,order=T)

percent<-c(0.196,0.166,0.126,0.107,0.083,0.083,0.082,0.078,0.072)

mydata<-data.frame(label,percent)

mydata$anti_percent<-1-mydata$percent

mydata1<-gather(mydata,index,Percent,-label)

conservation_status <-paste0(name,"n",percent(percent))

names(conservation_status)<-name

global_labeller <-labeller(.defalut=label_value,label=conservation_status)

font.add("myfont","msyhl.ttc")

p1<-ggplot()+

geom_col(data=mydata1,aes(x=1,y=Percent,fill=index),width=.2)+

scale_fill_manual(values=c("percent"="#00A0E9","anti_percent"="#EAEBEB"),guide=FALSE)+

xlim(0.6,1.1)+

coord_polar(theta="y")+

facet_grid(.~label,labeller=global_labeller)+

theme_minimal()+

theme(

line=element_blank(),

axis.text=element_blank(),

title=element_blank(),

panel.spacing=unit(0,"cm"),

strip.text=element_text(family="myfont",size=25,lineheight=1.2),

plot.margin=unit(c(.5,3,0,2),'lines')

);p1

setwd("F:/数据可视化/R/R语言学习笔记/可视化/ggplot2/商务图表")

CairoPNG(file="infography1.png",width=1600,height=480)

showtext.begin()

grid.newpage()

p1

showtext.end()

dev.off()

----------------------------

图二：（堆积条形图）

name2<-c("学术界","商人","公务员","外交领域","经济学家","工程师","司法界","医学界","军人","教育工作者","其他")

巴西<-c(1,1.7,0,0.5,1.4,0.3,2.2,2.25,0.3,1.4)

中国<-c(0.15,0,3.2,0.5,0.35,6.3,0.75,0.2,1.1,1.1)

埃及<-c(3.15,0.5,0.3,1.7,1.9,1.9,3.5,0.4,0.9,0)

印度<-c(0.6,2.1,0.35,0.4,1.9,1,4.2,0.5,0,0)

韩国<-c(2,1.6,2.1,1.7,1.75,0,1.2,0,3.2,0)

美国<-c(0,2.6,0.2,0.1,0,0,8.6,0.4,1,1.1)

colorpalette<-c("#5B8DA2","#155E7B","#E49D85","#1C98CB","#6CC5E8","#22918B","#6DB3A8","#211E1F","#E35840","#76261C","#798A94")

mydata2<-data.frame(巴西,中国,埃及,印度,韩国,美国)

mydata2<-data.frame(t(mydata2))

mydata2[,11]<-16-apply(mydata2,1,sum)

names(mydata2)<-name2

mydata2<-mydata2/16

mydata2$country<-rownames(mydata2)

coname<-c("Brazil","China","Egypt","India","Korea","United States of America")

code=countrycode(coname, "country.name", "iso2c")

mydata2$code<-code

rownames(mydata2)<-NULL

mydata2<-cbind(mydata2[,12:13],mydata2[,1:11])

mydata3<-gather(mydata2,cato,percent,-1:-2)

mydata3$cato<-factor(mydata3$cato,levels=rev(name2),order=T)

p2<-ggplot(data=mydata3,aes(x=country,y=percent,fill=cato))+

geom_bar(stat="identity",width=0.8)+

expand_limits(y =-.1) +

scale_x_discrete(limits=rev(c("巴西","中国","埃及","印度","韩国","美国")))+

scale_fill_manual(values=rev(colorpalette),breaks=rev(levels(mydata3$cato)))+

geom_flag(y=-.08,aes(image=code),size=.1) +

guides(fill=guide_legend(keywidth=3.5,keyheight=.2,nrow=1,title.hjust=.5,title.vjust=.5,title=NULL))+

geom_text(aes(label=ifelse(mydata3$percent!=0,percent(mydata3$percent),"")),position=position_stack(vjust=0.5),family="myfont",size=6.5,col="white")+

coord_flip()+

theme_transparent()+

theme(

text=element_text(family="myfont",size=25,lineheight=1.2),

legend.direction="horizontal",

legend.key.size=unit(.5,'cm'),

legend.position="top",

line=element_blank(),

panel.spacing=unit(1,"cm"),

title=element_blank(),

axis.text.x=element_blank(),

plot.margin=unit(c(0,0,0,2),'lines')

);p2

setwd("F:/数据可视化/R/R语言学习笔记/可视化/ggplot2/商务图表")

CairoPNG(file="infography2.png",width=1600,height=720)

showtext.begin()

grid.newpage()

p2

showtext.end()

dev.off()

三：将两幅图表合并：

setwd("F:/数据可视化/R/R语言学习笔记/可视化/ggplot2/商务图表")

CairoPNG(file="infography.png",width=1600,height=1200)

showtext.begin()

grid.newpage()

pushViewport(viewport(layout=grid.layout(8,5)))

vplayout<-function(x,y){viewport(layout.pos.row =x,layout.pos.col=y)}

print(p1,vp=vplayout(1:3,1:5))

print(p2,vp=vplayout(4:8,1:5))

showtext.end()

dev.off()